لوله استخری UPVC»اتصالات-شیرالات استخری»پیمتاش ترکیه⋆لوله هیدروپول ایرانی|ارزان ترین قیمت»خرید لوله فشارقوی
لوله استخری-اتصالات-شیرالات-ارزان-قیمت-UPVC
لوله استخری UPVC | ارزان ترین قیمت اتصـالات، شـیرالات UPVC یو پی وی سی پیمـتاش ترکیه کوارداتی| لوله استخری ایرانی استاندارد
لولـه یو پی وی سی اسـتخـر | اتصالات-شـیـرالات UPVC جکـوزی | لوله آبرسانی فشـارقـوی
[UPVC فشـار10بـار، 16بـار=PN10,PN16]
♺فـروش لـولـه، اتصـالات، شیرالات UPVC | مرکز خرید لولـه اسـتخـری
بهـتریـن کیـفـیـتــ |%| بـالاتـریـن درصـد تـخـفـیفــ همـکاری در کـشـور!.. |%|
ارسـال فوری بـه ســراسـر کـشــور در کمـتـرین زمان
صـادرات لولـه UPVC به عـراق، نـجــف، سـوریـه [فـروش عمــده / تحـویـل مـرز تـمرچـین – پیـرانـشهـر]
با ضمـانـت ارزان تـریـن قـیـمت، حـتی کمتر از درب کـارخـانـه..!
لولـه-اتصـالات/شـیرالات اسـتخـری UPVC | بـرند پیمـتاش ترکیـه 🇹🇷
🇹🇷 Pimtaٍs Plastik
U-PVC » PIPES / VALVES / FITTINGS
✪ لیست قـیمت لـوله UPVC ↡ کاتالوگ اتصـالات-شیـرآلات UPVC اسـتخـری پیمـتاش✪
قیـمـت لـولـه UPVC | اتصـالات/ شـیرآلات پیمـتاش ترکیـه | تابستان1403
💧لـولـه UPVC ایرانی اسـتانـدارد💧
لـولـه UPVC نیـک پلـیمـر | لـولـه هـیدروپـول | لـولـه وینـو پلاسـتیک | لـولـه سـیـنتاش
در ایـن مطلب ضـمن آشـنـائی اجمـالـی با سـاختـار شیـمیائی و ویـژگـی های بـارز ایـن مـاده، به بـرخـی مـزایای استـفـاده از لولـه، اتصالات و شیـرالات UPVC فـشـار قـوی، به ویـژه در لولـه کشـی اسـتـخـر و جـکـوزی خواهـیم پـرداخـت..
✪ تعـریـفــ کـلـی از واژه PVC
پی وی سی PVC چیست؟
نام فارسـی» پـلی ویـنـیـل کـلـرایـد
لاتـیـن» PolyVinyl Chloride
تعـریفــ» پـی وی سـی چیـسـت؟ PVC نـوعـی پـلاسـتـیـکــ پـرکـاربـرد است که در حـال حـاضـر از ارزشـمـنـدتـریـن محـصـولات صـنـایـع پـتـروشـیـمـی دنـیــا محـسـوب میـگـردد.
» بطـور کلـی، بالـغ بـر۵۰٪ از PVC ساخـتـــ بـشــر، در صـنعـتــ سـاخـتـمـان بکـار بـرده میـشـود.
» زیـرا عـلاوه بـر قـیـمـت نـسـبتــاً ارزان، مراحـل اجـراء ایـن مـتـریـال نیـز به سـهولـت انجـام مـیپـذیرد. بـر هـمیـن اســاس طـی سـالیـان اخیــر، پـی وی سـی[P.V.C] جـایـگزیـن بِـلامُنـازع بـرخـی مـصالـح سـاختـمانـی سـنـتـی پرکـاربـرد نـظـیـر چـوب، سـیـمـان و سـفـال گـردیـد..
بـخـش اعـظــم تـولـیـدات تـجــاری پـی وی سـی، عمــدتـاً از طـریق بسپـارش تـعـلـیـقـی انجــام میــپـذیـرد و از بـسپـارش هــای تـوده‌ای و امــولـسیــونـی به میــزان کـمـتر، هـمـچـنیـن از بـسپـارش محـلـولـی بـه نــدرت اسـتــفـاده میگــردد.
بَـسـپـارش تـعـلیـقـی چـیـست؟ »» بَـســپارشـی که در آن تکـپارها تـوســط همــزن مـکانـیکی [میـکســر] در فــاز مـایــع پـراکــنده میـشونـد. [Suspension Polymerization]
بَسـپـارش یا پُلـیـمِـریزاسـیون [فرانسوی: Polymérisation] »» واکـنـشی شیمـیایی که طی آن مولکول های کوچـک و سـاده(مونـومـر) با پیوند به یکدیگـر، تبدیل به مولکولـی بـزرگـتـر با جـرم چـندین برابـر میگردد.
پـلی ویـنـیـل کلــرایـد [پـی وی سـی]، از بلـوریـنگـی ناچـیـزی برخـوردار اســت. امـا بـه علـت وجــود زنـجیـره هـای حجــیم “بَـســپار” دارای استحـکـام و سـختـی قـابـل قـبــولـی میبـاشـد. [حـاصل استـخـلافــ بـزرگــ کـلـر]
مـقـدار Tg (تـی جـی) در PVC » مـعادل ۸۱ درجــه سـانـتیـگراد اسـت. [Tg نـسـبتـاً بـالا]
✔ امـا میـزان Tg “تــی جــی” در محـدوده ای نیـسـت کـه مـتریـال PVC در فـرآینـد های گـوناگـون دچــار مشکـل شـود.
ℹ️ تـی جـی : Tg چـیـست؟
گـذار از شیـشـه به مـایـع (glass–liquid Transition) و یـا گـذار شـیـشـه ای (glass Transition)
»» تـغـیـیـر تـدریـجـی و برگـشت پـذیـر مـواد بـا افـزایـش دمــا، Tg نـام دارد.
» یو پی وی سی، هـیچـگونـه اثـر فیـزیولـوژیکـی مـضـر از خود بـجـای نـمیگـذارد. بـعلاوه در بــرابـر حــرارت و نـور نسبــتاً نـاپــایـدار بـوده و کـلـرید هـیـدروژن از آن سـاطـع مـیگـردد.
پــی وی سـی، در واقــع نــوعـی پـلاسـتیـکـ سـخــت اسـت کـه بـا افـزودن مـواد روان کـنـنـده، دارای انـعــطاف میـشـود.
اغـلـب این مـواد شـیـمـیائی نـرم کـننـده، موسـوم به فــتـالـیـت ها Phthalates میـباشـند.
History of UPVC ߷
تاریخچـه یو پی وی سی
»» پـیش از قـرن بیـسـتم مـیلادی، دو شیـمـیـدان روسـی به نامـهای ایـوان اسـتـرا مـیـسـلنـسـکی و فــریـتـز کـلــیـت از کمـپـانی مشهـور گــریـشـم الکــترون شیـمـی آلـمـان،
در بکـار گیـری و جایـگزیـنی مـتریـال PVC با محصـولات تجــاری آن زمـان، سعی بسیاری نمـودنـد. امــا بدلیل بروز مشـکـلات متـعـدد در فـرآیـنـد تولـیــد، سخـتـی و گـاهـی شـکـنـندگـی ایـن پلـیـمـر، تا سالـها تـلاشـشــان را بــدون نـتـیجـه بــاقـی گـذاشـت..
↩ امــا در سـال ۱۹۲۶ میلادی، والدو سـیمون از بی افـ گودریچ با ارائه راهکـاری در جهت ایجـاد خاصیت انعـطاف پـذیـری در PVC ، موفق به گسـترش فراگیر این محصول،
ضمن اخـتلاط بـا افـزودنی هـای شیمیایی گردید.
✔ نـتـیـجــه ایــن تـحـقـیقـات، پـلیـمـری انعــطافــ پـذیـر بـود کـه تمـایـل بسـیـاری به شــرکـت در فـرآیـندهـای گـوناگــون داشــت.
با توجه بـه خـصوصـیات این مـاده، بـسـرعت اسـتفـاده از آن در بـخش تجــاری شــایـع
⚡لولـه،اتصالات،شـیرالاتUPVC
یـو پـی وی سـی UPVC چیست؟
پروفیـلهای اکستــرود شـده بر پـایــه پلـی ویـنـیـل کلـرایـد سخـت [یو پی وی سی : UPVC] در بــرابـر ضـربـه از مـقــاومـت بــالائـی برخـوردار مـیـباشـنـد.
UPVC به رنـگ سفـیـد و یـا طـوسـی تـیـره است که امـروزه از ایـن پـلیـمـر در ســاخـت درب و پنـجــره هـا، لـولـه و اتصــالات و بسـیـاری صـنایـع دیـگــر اسـتفـاده میـشـود.
پروفیــلها میـتوانـند کــامـلاً از مـواد خــام ساخته شـوند و یــا دارای هســته ای از ضــایعـات و حتی مـواد بـازیـافـتـی باشـند.
این هسـته میتـواند توسط پـی وی سـی سـخـت و فرایند کــواکـستـروژن پـوشـیده گردد.
ℹ️ فـرایـند کــو-اکـسـتـروژن چـیـسـت؟ [Co-Extrusion]
کـو-اکسـتـروژن، اکـسـتـروژن چنـد لایـه از مــواد بطـور همـزمـان اسـتــ. این نوع از اکـستـروژن از دو یا چـنـد اکـسـتـرودر جهت ذوب مـواد استفـاده مـینـمـاید. ایـن فـرایـند حجــم ثابتـی از مواد مـذاب مختـلف و دارای ویسکـوزیتـه های مـتفـاوت را به یـکــ دمـا رسـانـیده و رزیـن را به شـکل مـورد نظـر اکـسـترود مـیـکـند.
لولـه، اتصالات و شیرالات PVCU
U.P.V.C ⥃
[Unplas PolyVinyl Chloride]
☆ اصلـی ترین ماده تشکــیل دهــنده UPVC، پروفـیـل اسـت. [Polyvinyl Chloride]
☆ این مـاده حــدود 85 درصــد ترکـیب اولیـه تولیـد پروفـیل UPVC را تشکیل میدهـد.
☆ عـلاوه بر این، مـواد افــزودنی دیگــری نیـز جهت ایجـاد خواص مورد نـیـاز بــه تـرکیب افــزوده میگـردد که عـدم وجـود یا تـغیـیر میـزان بکـار رفتـه در فـرمولاسـیون، کـیـفـیت محصـول نهــائـی را بـه شـدت تـحـت تـاثـیـر قـرار خـواهـد داد..
ℹ️
⚡تـفــاوت واژه هـای UPVC و PVCU چـیـســت؟
(© کـپی رایتــ: پرشـین اسـتخـر)
✦ آیـا لولـه یــو پی وی سی و لولـه پی وی سی یـــو، کـیـفـیـت یکـسـانی دارنـد؟
✔ هر دو واژه U-PVC , PVC-U دارای یک مفهــوم میباشند..
✦ علت اسـتفـاده از واژه PVCU چیست؟
✔ ریشـه آن به اواخـر سـال 1980، زمانیـکه نخسـتیـن خـط تولیـد این محصـول در قــاره اروپـا راه انـدازی شـد؛ بـاز میـگردد.
»» در آن زمان، با توجـه به رعـایت قواعـد گرامـری مرسـوم، نام این محصـول PVC-U شـناخـته میـشـد..
مطابق این گرامـر در بـرخـی مـوارد “اســـم” پبـش از “صـفــت” بکار برده میشود. [برخلاف قـواعـد گرامـر زبان انگلـیـسی]
[ بر اساس قواعـد گــرامـر زبــان برخـی کشـورهای اروپـائـی، در مـواردی اســـم[این مـورد: واژه PVC] قـبـل از صـفــت قــرار مـیگـیـرد [صفــت: U].
در ایـن مـورد صــفـت “پلاسـتیـکی نـشده” به “پلی ویـنـیل کـلـرایـد [هـمان PVC]” نسبت داده شده اسـت.
‘U‘ به معـنای Un-plasticised یـا پلاسـتیکی نـشـده]
🔎 مـزایـا و قـابـلیت هـای لـولـه و اتصـالات UPVC
Benefits&Capabilities of UPVC Pipes߷✪
مقـاومت شیـمـیائی بســیار بالا
PVC در برابـر بسـیاری از الـکل ها، روغن ها و مواد نفـتی غـیرآروماتیک مقـاوم است. این ماده همچنین در برابـر اغـلب خـورنده ها نظـیر اسیـدهای غیرآلـی، بـازها و نمـک هـا مقــاوم میـباشـد.
بعـلاوه جهت اسـتفاده در پـروژه هـای آبـرسـانی، در بـرابر مـواد شـیمـیائی موجـود در آب و خـاک مقــاوم بـوده و همچـنین در صورت مجـاورت با کـلر نـیـز از مقـاومت خوبـی بـهرمـند است.
در منـاطقی بـا وجـود عنـاصـر غیـر عـادی و یا مـواردی کـه از لولـه بـمنـظـور انتـقـال مـواد شیـمـیائی استفـاده میشود؛ میـزان مقـاومت شـیمـیائی مـتـریـال مورد اسـتفـاده در اولویـت قـرار میگیـرد.
استحـکام کششی بلـند مـدت
لولـه های UPVC به گونه ای فرمـول بنـدی میشوند کــه استحـکـام کشـشی بلـند مــدت طولانـی تــری داشـته باشـند.
حداقــل استحـکام مورد نیــاز[MRS] [که در طراحی لولـه های تحـت فشــار یــا فشــار قــوی بکــار میرود]، برای لولــه های U–PVC در حــدود دو بــرابـر بیشـتـر از مقــادیر مـتناظـر در ســایـر لـولـه های پلاسـتیـکی یا پلیــمـری، نظـیر پلـی اتـیـلـن است.
بـر همین اسـاس ضخـامـت لولـه های UPVC نسـبـت به ســایـر لولــه های پلاسـتیکـی کـمـتر بـوده و در نهایـت از وزن کمـتـری نیـز برخـوردارند. »» این ویـژگـی از مزایـای بــارز لـولـه های UPVC به شمــار مـیرود.
مقـاومت بالا در برابـر سـایش و خـوردگی
لولـه های UPVC نــارســانای جـریان الکـتریـکی بــوده و در برابـر واکنـش های الکــتروشیـمـیائی ناشـی از اسـیدهـا، بازهـا و نـمـک ها (عوامل خوردگی فـلـزات)، کـاملاً مقـاومــند. این ویژگی در سطح داخلی و خارجی لوله های UPVC وجود دارد.
بـه ایـن دلیـل، استفــاده از لوله U-PVC در مــواردی که خـاک مــهاجــم وجـود دارد، بسـیار مرقوم به صــرفـه میباشد.
نسبت استـحکام به وزن بالا، وزن سـبکــ
اسـتحـکام بـالای UPVC مـنجــر بـه کاهـش ضخـامـت و در نهـایـت وزن کـمـتـر ایـن محصـول گـردیده است.
امـکان حمـل و انـتـقـال آسـان، بروز حـداقـل مـیزان آسـیب های کـاری، نصـب و اجـراء ارزان تـر، بخـشی از بـرتـری هـای کسـب شـده در این حـوزه به شمـار میرود.
بعـنـوان مـثـال» یک فـرد عـادی قـادر به حـمـل دو شـاخــه لـولــه ۶ مـتـری UPVC ســایـز ۱۱۰ اســت. امــا همـیـن فـرد نهـایتـاً میـتـوانـد 2 مــتر لــولـه آهــنی 110 را با همـان میــزان نیــرو جـابـجـا نـمـایـد..
اتصـال کـاملاً آب بـنـد
مـزیت اصــلـی هـر نـوع لـولـه و اتـصــالاتـی، شـیـوه آب بنـدی و اسـتحـکام نقــاط اتـصـال آنـهـا پـس از اجــراء میـبـاشـد.
لولـه های UPVC با عـمق هـمـپوشـانـی بــالا و کیـفـیت مطـلوب در سیـسـتـم های اتصــال اورینــگـی [Push–fit] ، توانـسـته در بازار رقـابـت نسبـت بـه ســایــر محـصولات سـنتـی مشـابـه چــند گـام فـراتـر قــرار گـیـرد.
مـقــاومت در برابر سـایـش و خـراش
لولـه های UPVC مـقاومت بســیار بالائـی در برابر ســایــش و خــراش از خـود نشـان مـیدهـند.
لولـه های UPVC دوام بســیار بالاتــری نـسبـت به لـولـه های فلــزی، سیـمــانـی و سفـالـی در برابـر انتـقــال مواد دوغـابـی دارنـد.
مـدول الاسـتـیـسـیـتـه و انـعـطاف پـذیـری بـالا
مقـاومت لوله های UPVC در برابر شـکسـت، از مـزایای عمـلکـردی ویــژه این نوع متریال محستوب میـگـردد. لولـه های UPVC ، تـحـت فشـار قـادر بـه تغـییـر شکـل بـدون شـکـسـتـگـی هسـتند.
بــالا بودن مـدول الاسـتیـسـیـتـه، از مـزایــای بــارز تولـیـدات UPVC جهـت کاربـردهـای دفــنـی محـسوب مـیـشـود.
بـخصوص مناطـقی که حـرکت خـاک یا لـرزش زمـین در آنهـا متـصـوّر است (ماننـد نواحی زلـزلـه خیـز)؛ وجـود این کمـیـت باعـث کاهـش احـتمـال بـروز پـدیـده دوپـهــنی در این جنـس لـولـه ها میـگـردد.
همچـنین با توجـه تعـییـن ضخـامـت لولـه های آبرسـانـی بر اسـاس “مقـدار مـدول الاستیـسـیـته رزین مصـرفـ شـده در ساخـت لـولـه”، این مـدول منـجـر بـه کاهـش ضخـامـت و افـزایش سطـح مقـطع عـبور جـریـان در لولـه هـای UPVC میشـود.
استحـکام در بـرابـر ضـربـه
تحــت شرایـط نرمـال، لولــه UPVC مقـاومـت نسـبتاً بالائی در برابـر آسـیب هـای ناشـی از ضـربـه، در مقـایسـه با لولـه های سفـالی، سیمـانی و سـایـر مـصـالح رایـج دارنـد.
با وجود کاهـش مقـاومت ضربـه پـذیـری لولــه های UPVC در دمــای بسـیار پاییـن، میـزان استـحـکام در برابـر ضربـه آنهـا همـچـنان بالاتـر از حــد نیـاز اسـت.
میـزان زبـری پـائـیـن
زبـری لولـه عامـل بسیار مهـم و مؤثـری در بـروز افـت فشــار و کاهـش دبــی آب مـیباشد. لولـه های UPVC به دلیـل برخـورداری از سطوح داخلــی بسـیار صیـقـلی [ضریب زبـری و اصـطـکاک پاییـن]، مقـاومت بسـیار انــدکـی در برابـر عـبــور جریـان سـیال از خـود نشـان مـیدهـند.
همـانطـور که میـدانید؛ محـل تجـمـع باکـتری ها عمـومـاً در بخـشهای زبـر و دارای پَـسـتی و بلـندی لولـه اسـت[تشکیل biofilm] کـه به مـرور موجـب انـسـداد جریـان آب خواهـد شـد. این امـر علاوه بـر کاهـش فشـار جـریـان، بــر سـلامـت آب آشــامـیدنـی نیـز تأثیـر مـنفـی میـگذارد.
زِبــری هــیدرولـیـکی پائـین در لولـه های UPVC، با ممـانعـت از تشکـیل بـایـوفـیـلم، عـلاوه بر کاهـش افـت فشـار، از تـه نشــینـی لجـن در شبـکه های آبـرسـانی جلوگیـری نمـوده و در شـبکــه های تـوزیع آب آشــامیـدنی باعث کاهـش چشـمـگـیـراحـتمـال آلـودگـی آب میـگـردد.
حـفــظ کـیـفـیـت آب
نظـر به فرمـولاسـیـون خـاص موجـود در فـرایـند تـولـید لولـه هایUPVC و تطابـق آن بـا اســتانداردهای NSF 61-62 ؛ این متریـال در خطـوط آب رسـانی انـتقــال آب آشـامیـدنی نیـز مورد استفـاده قرار میگیرد.
با ایـن وجـود مقـادیـر سـرب، قــلـع، جیــوه، کـُــرُم، کـادمــیـوم، باریـوم و سایـر عنـاصــر سـمــی از محـدوده مجـاز استانـداردشـان تجــاوز نخـواهـد نـمــود.
مقـاومت در برابـر گـرما و شعـله آتـش
لولـه های UPVC به سخـتی آتـش میـگـیرنـد و در صـورت عدم وجـود منـبع آتـش، شعــلـه به سوخـتن ادامـه نمیـدهـد.
دمــای شعــله ور شـدن خود به خودی این نـوع پلیـمـر۴۵۴درجـه سانتیـگراد بــوده کـه این مـیـزان بسـیار بـالاتـر از اکـثر مـصالـح ساختمـانی مشـابه است.
» در اثـر سوخـتن UPVC، گاز HCl آزاد میـگـردد. ایـن گاز ضمن ممـانعـت از نـفـوذ اکـسـیـژن به نـقـاط مـشـتعـل، در نهـایت مـوجب خـامـوشی آتـش خـواهد شـد.
بر این اسـاس UPVC را مـاده ای خـود خــامـوش شـونـده میـنامـنـد.
قـیمـت مـناسب و ارزان
علاوه بر مزایـای ذکــر شـده؛ قـیـمـت لـولـه و اتصـالات UPVC بسیــار مـناسـب تـر از سـایـر لولــه های پلـیـمـری، فـلـزی، چـدنـی مـیبـاشـد.
با تـوجـه به دلایـل عـنـوان شـده، امـروزه لولــه های UPVC از گزینــه هـای اصلـی اسـتـفـاده در شبـکــه های آبـرســانی تحـت فـشـار، خصـوصـاً لـولـه کشــی تصفـیـه اسـتـخـر محـسـوب مـیشـود.
نمونه اجرا لوله کشی تاسیسات تصفیه استخـر توسط لولـه،اتصالات و شیرالات یو،پی‌وی‌سی UPVC
☆☆★𓇽★☆☆
🔎 ســایــر مــزایــای لولــه UPVC
- – صرفـه جوئــی در مصرف انـرژی تـا 40%
- – کـاملاً مقــاوم در برابــر نفــوذ بـاد، گـرد و غــبار، آب بـاران.
- – مقــاوم در برابر پوسیــدگی و زنگ زدگـی
- – عــــدم نـیــاز به رنـگـــ
- – عــایـق صــوتـی، حــرارتـی و بـرودتـی
- – غـیر قـابل اشتعــال در مـواقــع آتـش ســوزی
- – قابلیت بالای انعـطاف و تنــوع در ساخـت نگـهـداری و نـظافــت آسان
- – دارای عـمــر مفــیـد طــولانـی
- – نصـب ســریـع و اجــراء آســـان
- – دوست دار محیــط زیسـت [بـدون سـرب]
لـولـه UPVC اسـتـخـری
لـولـه کـشـی اسـتـخــر
آموزش مـراحـل کلی نحوه اجــرای لولـه کشـی اسـتـخـر توسـط لولـه UPVC
»» روش اجـرا لوله و اتصـالات U-PVC
➊ ابـتــدا لولـه ها را به مـيزان مورد نظــر و بـصورت قــائـم (زاويـه ٩٠ درجـه) بـرش مـیدهــيم.
لولـه های برش خورده را با دستـگاه فــِرز يا كُـنـيـك بـه فـاصلـه چهار تا شـش ميليـمتر از لبـه لولــه را با زاويـه پانــزده درجـه كُـنیـكـ میکنـیم.
➋ مرحـله بعدی پاکسـازی نواحی است. بـرای پاک نمودن مکـانـهای اتـصـال و از بيـن بردن چربـی هـای ایـن بـخش از سطـوح لـولـه و اتصـالات،
از مـاده كـلـينر [Cleaner] استفـاده میـنمائـیم.
➌ مـرحلـه سـوم استفـاده از پـرايـمــر [Primer] میباشد.
پـرایـمــرچیـسـت؟ پرايمــر حـلّالـی نـســبـتا قـوی با قـدرت خـورنـدگی بسـیار بالا است كه علاوه بر ایجـاد نرمـی در سطـوح، باعـث افـزایش نفـوذ چـسـب میـگـردد. بـنابـراین بکارگـیری صحـیـح پـرایـمـر از هرگــونه نشـتی احـتمـالی در محـل اتـصـالات جلوگیری بعمـل خواهد آورد.
➍ بخـش چهارم (بلافاصلـه پس از انجام مـرحلـه قـبل)، اجـراء چسـب UPVC فشـار قـوی است. در این مرحلـه بخـش داخلـی اتـصـال و قسمـت روی لولـه را بطـور کامـل بـا چسـب مخـصوص UPVC آغشتـه، سپـس ایـن دو بخـش را به یکـدیگـر متـصـل نمـائیـد.
تـوجـه: مـادامـی کـه سطـح لولـه و اتصـالات U PVC پس از آغشتـه شـدن با پرایـمــر همـچنـان مرطـوب است؛ مرحلـه چـسـبانـدن بایـد انجـام پـذیـرد..
✨ در پايـان، اضـافـه چسـبی که ازنقــاط اتـصـال به بخـش بيـرونـی نـشـت کرده را تـوسـط پـارچــه تمـیز نـمـائیـد.
🕡⌛پس از 12 الـی 24 ساعـت، مدار لولـه کشی و نـقـاط اتـصـال،بمدت حداقل ۴۸ساعت تحت تـسـت قرار میگیرند.⌛🕡
✅
نکات مهـم و قابل توجه در نحوه اجراء لوله کشی UPVC| اتصـالات-شیـرالات یو‌پی‌وی‌سی
⍟⍟ چه میــزان چسـب برای لـولـه کـشـی UPVC مـورد نیــاز اسـت؟
بطـور تقـریـبی يكـ كيلوگرم چـسـب، برای ٥٨ اتصـال سايـز ٦٣ کافـی میـباشـد.
دمـای ایـده آل محـیط جهـت اجـراء چسـب UPVC بيـن ٥ تا ٣٨ درجـه سانـتيـگـراد ميبـاشد.
⚠️ بـه هـیـچ عنـوان نبـایــد از لولـه و اتصـالات UPVC در مـدار بويلــر بـه مـبـدل استـفـاده نـمـود. ⚠️
♨️ ♨ تـوجــه: آسـتانه مقـاومت گــرمائی لـوله و اتـصـالات UPVC حـداکــثر تــا دمـای 60 درجــه سانـتیگـراد اسـت.
»» بــرای اتـصـال و امـتـداد خـطـوط لولـه، از تـبـدیـل/ بوشــن و مـغــزی استـفـاده میـشود.
برخـی اصـطـلاحـات مـتـداول لـولـه و اتـصـالات UPVC
درپـوش [کــَـپ | گــپ |CAP]: بمنظـور پوشـش انتـهای لولـه هـای بوشـن دار یا اتصـالات دارای رزوه مـادگـی بـکار مـیرود. [جهت کـور کردن دهـانـۀ اتصـالات]
در سـایـزهـای کـوچـکـتـر، از درپـوش سـرچهـارگـوش برجـسـته یا مـغـزی، و برای انـدازه های بزرگــتر از درپــوش شـش گـوش استفـاده میـگــردد.
از دیگـر کاربـرد هـای کــپ (گــپ) علاوه بر جـلوگیـری از ورود خـاکــ یا هـرگـونـه جـســم خــارجی بـه داخـل لـولـه هـا (تا پـایـان اجـراء پـروژه)، اسـتفـاده در تـسـت مــدار لـولـه کشـی اسـت.
پـس از اتـمـام اجـراء لولـه کشـی بـمنـظـور حصـول اطـمـیـنان از آب بـنـدی کـامل نقـاط اتصـال، مـدار پایـپـیـنـگ تـحـت فـشـار قـرار داده میـشـود.(تـسـت فـشــار) به همـین منـظـور لـولـه هـای بـاز توسـط کـپ مسـدود میگـردند. پـس از اتـمـام تـسـت فـشــار و پایـان عمـلیـات عـمـرانی، ایـن گــپ ها بـریـده خـواهـند شـد.
- لولـه بوشـن‌دار: در ایـن نـوع اتـصـال، غالـباً به هـر شـاخـه لـولـه یـک بـوشـن الـحـاق مـیگـردد. بوشــن هـا عمـومـاً دارای رزوۀ راسـتـگـرد هسـتنـد. عمـلکرد بوشـن، تــبدیـل اتـصـال در انتــهای رزوه شـده (بخش خارجـی) لولـه به سـایــز بزرگـتـر اسـت. در واقــع میـتوان بوشـن را اتصـالـی جهت کاهــش یا افـزایـش قـطــر لـوله تـلـقّـی نمــود.
- رزوه: به شـیارهـای مــارپیــچ بـیرون پـیـچ یـا درون مهــره رزوه گـویـنـد. رزوه‌هــا حـرکـت چـرخـشـی را به خـطــی تـبـدیـل مـیـنمـایـنـد. تـراش رزوه تـوسـط مـاشـیـن سـنـگــزنـی صـورت مـیپـذیـرد.
- قلاویـز: بمـنظـور ایجـاد دنــده درون استـوانـه ها [مـاننـد مـهـره] اسـتفـاده میـگـردد.
- حـَـدیــده: جـهت ایـجــاد رزوه یـا دنــده در سطـوح خــارجــی استـوانـه بـکــار میـرود.
- کـلاهــکــ لولـه[کــیـپ]: بـرای بسـتن لولـه و اتـصـالاتـی که دارای رزوه روپـیــچ باشــند مـورد اسـتقـاده قـرار میـگیـرد.
- لـولـه مـغـزی: قـطـعـه لولـه هـائـی با طـول کـمـتر از 30 سانـتیـمـتر کـه دو انـتـهــای آن رزوه شـده باشــد، لـولـه مـغــزی نـامـیـده میـشـود.
💲 قیـمت لولـه اسـتـخري UPVC سایز63
قیمت هر متر شـاخه 5 متری لولهUPVC سایز63 فشـار قوی▮◂
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در ســال۱۴۰۴شمسی
طـول هـر شـاخــه لـولـه U–PVC یو پی وی سی 5 متـر و یـا 6 متـر مـیباشد.
«بر اساس سـیاسـت‌های شـرکت تـولیـد کننـده»
لولـــه های بـریده شـده با طـول بیــشـتـراز 30 سـانتـیمـتر، تـکــّــه لـولـه محـسوب میـشود.
☆★☆
🔎 معـادل فـارسی واژگــان مـتـداول در اتـصـالات UPVC
- Elbow : زانــو
- Tee : ســه راهـی
- Concentric Reducer : تبدیل هم مـرکز
- Eccentric Reducer : تبدیل غیرهم مرکز [کـج]
- Nipple : ســردنـده
- Butt-Weld Fitting : اتصــالات جـوشـی
-
Long Elbow : زانـوی بــلـند
-
Short Elbow : زانـوی کـوتاه
-
[L [Length : طــول
-
[T [Thickness : ضخـامـت
-
[OD [Outside Diameter : قطــرخارجـی
-
[ID [Interior Diameter : قـطــر داخلـی
-
Welded : دارای شیـار[درزدار]
📊
N.P.S جـــدول
[ Nominal Pipe Size Chart ]
در سـایزهـای مشـخص شـده
| NPS | DN | OD [in (mm)] |
Wall thickness in (mm) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SCH 5s | SCH 10s/20 | SCH 30 | SCH 40s/40 /STD |
SCH 80s/80 /XS |
SCH 120 | SCH 160 | XXS | |||
| ⅛ | 6 | 0.404 (10.26) | 0.035 (0.889) | 0.049 (1.245) | 0.057 (1.448) | 0.068 (1.727) | 0.095 (2.413) | — | — | — |
| ¼ | 8 | 0.540 (13.72) | 0.049 (1.245) | 0.065 (1.651) | 0.073 (1.854) | 0.088 (2.235) | 0.119 (3.023) | — | — | — |
| ⅜ | 10 | 0.675 (17.15) | 0.049 (1.245) | 0.065 (1.651) | 0.073 (1.854) | 0.091 (2.311) | 0.126 (3.200) | — | — | |
| ½ | 15 | 0.840 (21.34) | 0.065 (1.651) | 0.083 (2.108) | 0.095 (2.413) | 0.109 (2.769) | 0.147 (3.734) | — | 0.188 (4.775) | 0.294 (7.468) |
| ¾ | 20 | 1.050 (26.67) | 0.065 (1.651) | 0.083 (2.108) | 0.095 (2.413) | 0.113 (2.870) | 0.154 (3.912) | — | 0.219 (5.563) | 0.308 (7.823) |
| 1 | 25 | 1.315 (33.40) | 0.065 (1.651) | 0.109 (2.769) | 0.114 (2.896) | 0.133 (3.378) | 0.179 (4.547) | — | 0.250 (6.350) | 0.358 (9.093) |
| 1¼ | 32 | 1.660 (42.16) | 0.065 (1.651) | 0.109 (2.769) | 0.117 (2.972) | 0.140 (3.556) | 0.191 (4.851) | — | 0.250 (6.350) | 0.382 (9.703) |
| 1½ | 40 | 1.900 (48.26) | 0.065 (1.651) | 0.109 (2.769) | 0.125 (3.175) | 0.145 (3.683) | 0.200 (5.080) | — | 0.281 (7.137) | 0.400 (10.160) |
| 2 | 50 | 2.375 (60.33) | 0.065 (1.651) | 0.109 (2.769) | 0.125 (3.175) | 0.154 (3.912) | 0.218 (5.537) | 0.250 (6.350) | 0.344 (8.738) | 0.436 (11.074) |
| 2½ | 65 | 2.875 (73.03) | 0.083 (2.108) | 0.120 (3.048) | 0.188 (4.775) | 0.203 (5.156) | 0.276 (7.010) | 0.300 (7.620) | 0.375 (9.525) | 0.552 (14. ) |
| 3 | 80 | 3.500 (88.90) | 0.083 (2.108) | 0.120 (3.048) | 0.188 (4.775) | 0.216 (5.486) | 0.300 (7.620) | 0.350 (8.890) | 0.438 (11.125) | 0.600 (15.240) |
| 3½ | 90 | 4.000 (101.60) | 0.083 (2.108) | 0.120 (3.048) | 0.188 (4.775) | 0.226 (5.740) | 0.318 (8.077) | — | — | 0.636 (16.154) |
لیسـت قیـمت جـدید لـولـه-اتصـالات-شیرالات یو پی وی سی UPVC اسـتخـری فشـار قــوی
📥 دانلـود لــیـســت لـولـه، اتـصـالات و شـیـرآلات یو پی وی سی UPVC اسـتـخـری پیـمــتاش ترکیـه / هیــدروپـول ایــران
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برآورد هـزینه اجـراء اسـتخـر یا هزینه ساخت از صفـر تا صـد استخـر شنا بر اسـاس مـترمربع امکان پذیر نیسـت.
[شــامل کـلیه هزینه ها، مانند سرامیک و تصـفیـه]
در واقـع هـزینۀ کـل اجـراء هـر متـرمربـع از یک استخـر، نسبت به ابعـاد بزرگـتر یا کوچکــتر از آن قـابل تـعـمیـم نمـیباشـد..
بطور مثال: چنانچه هزینه تقریبی اجراء از گودبرداری تا مرحله بهره برداری کامـل از یک استخر شنا بهمراه نصب تاسیسات تصفیه و سرامیک؛ با ابعاد 6 * 3 متـر و عمق میانگین 1.7 متر، معـادل 200 میلیون تومان در نظـر گـرفته شود[فـرض]
هرگـز هزینه اجراء استخـری با ابعاد 2 برابـر، 400 میلیـون نخـواهد شـد.
زیرا بخشی از هزینه ها در هر دو مورد به طور تقریبی یکسان میباشند.
مانند هزینه اجراء تاسیسات / هزینه لوله اتصالات و شیرآلات اتاقک تاسیسات / هزینه تجهیزات تصفیه [با اختلاف اندک] و..
اما میتوان صـرفــاً برخی از هزینه اجراء بخشـهای مربوط به مراحل ساخت استخر را بر اساس مترمربع محاسبه نمود.
مانند اجراء آرماتوربندی / اجراء سیمانکاری و نصب سرامیک و..
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پاسخ بطـور خلاصـه:
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پس از انجـام محـاسـبات فــنــی و طـراحـی کاســه استخـر، مراحـل اجـرائی در دسـتور کار قــرار میگیـرد.
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جهت همـوار سازی کاسـه استخـر، دیـواره ها توســط آجــر یــا بـلــوک و کـف استخـر، با بتن مگــر(یا بتن نظافــت) پوشش داده میشـوند.
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» در میـان 2 لایه شبکه مـش آرمـاتور اسـتخـر، لولــه کشی های مربوط به گردش و تصفـیه آب، توسـط لولــه U-PVC انجــام میپذیرد.
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بـتن ریــزی اسـتـخـر توســط بتـن آمـــاده، ضمن الحـاق مکـمل های آب بنـدی و افـزونه های روان کـننده انجــام مـیپـذیرد.
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سلام و عرض احترام خدمت دست اندرکاران این مرکز.
طی هفته اخیر با مطالعه بیش از 8 مقاله در خصوص UPVC سایت شرکت های معتبر
با توجه به جامعیت و کپی نبودن محتویات این سایت، با کسب اجازه مقاله را در مقاله در دست چاپی که در همین حوزه است را با درج منابع، استفاده نماییم.
“ایضاً اطلاعات کامل بهمراه تاییدیه خدمتتان از طریق ایمیل شما ارسال گردید.”
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سعادت
مرجع اموزش پاپینگ سازه های آبی
توضیحات مفصل و جامع در مورد لوله UPVC و اجرا لوله کشی استخر
مرسی